Photographic color process



April 25, 1933. J G. CAPSTAFF 1,905,438

I PHOTOGRAPHIC ,CULQR PROCESS Filed Feb. 25, 1930 Fi .1. F .,a. Coloig Soluble Lqyer. 5 y 5 gaz'daned' SansiiveLaLyeztZ L1 I L1 Support.

(colored Relief.

Green Soluble Lager.

John G. Gcfpsiaft.

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Patented Apr. 25,1933- Y i .1,905,438

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN G. CAPSTAIFF, F ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK PHOTOGRAPHIC COLOR. PROCESS Application led February 25, 1930. Serial No. 431,300.

This invention relates to photographic Fig. 10 shows a double coated product of processes and material and particularly to the same type. a product capable of use in the making of In Fig. l there is indicated at 1 a support, two-color motion pictures by a simple proc'- preferably transparent and comprising a 5 ess cellulosic composition such as cellulose ace- 55 The invention consists broadly in the maktate or other derivative. To this is adherent ing of two permanently adherent layers, one alayer 2 which is preferably a hardened sensiof which is a hardened colloid emulsion in tive gelatino-silver-halide emulsion and upon which a silver photographic image is formed this 1s coated in turn a layer 3 of soluble gelaand the other of which is a soluble gelatin tin which preferably carriesapermanent dye, 6o

layer and the treatment of the silver in a pigment or coloring material. This soluble bath of the type'that removes the silver or layer 1s permanently adherent to the hardened renders the image transparent and at the layer 1n that it, asalayer, cannot be stripped same time hardens the soluble gelatin layer or bodily removed therefrom. This material di'erentially in accordance with the density may, for instance, be ofthe type shown in the 65 of the silver image adjacent thereto. This patent to Samuel E. Sheppard No. 1,290,794, invention is of particular importance with a January 7, 1919. A photographic latent transparent support as a base and with a perimage is formed in the layer 2 and is transmanently colored soluble gelatin layer. For formed by any suitable developer into a silver motion picture purposes the transparent supimage. The element is now in the form 70 port will have a pair of such adherent layers shown in Fig. 2, whereA the silver is designated upon each surface thereof. as 2. The photographic element 1s now My invention is capable of use in a wide treated with a bath which may be of the variety of processes, several of which Will be type known as the Ozobrome process, a

explained hereinafter, reference being made preferred bath being disclosed in the patent 75 to the accompanying drawing in which the to Manly No. 851,296, April Q3, 1907. As dissame reference characters designate the same closed in that patent, this bath has the propparts throughout and in which the several erty of rendering the soluble gelatin differenfigures indicate on an enlarged scale sections tially tanned or hardened in accordance with of photographic elements embodying my mthe ensity of the silver image. At the same 8o vention. time this bath attacks the silver image and Fig. 1 shows a section of a sensitive phototransforms it into a silver salt which may be graphic element of the improved type; t completely cleared by a bath of sodium or Fig. 2 shows the same element with a silver potassium sulphite. The unaffected silver image formed therein; salts are preferably fixed out with sodium 85 Fig. 3 shows the iinal form of the finished thiosulfate immediately after bleaching. Tf

process; desired, however, the sensitive salts may re- Fig. 4 shows a modification of the sensitive main and be utilized for the formation of element; an additional image by known processes.

Fig. 5 shows a still further modified form The photographic element either before or 90 in which the layers are being stripped from after Clearing, or without; Clearing at all, is the support; then washed in Warm Water which removes F ig, (i shows the sensitive photographic the unaffected soluble portions of the layer 3,

lm embodying the preferred form of my inleaving a relief 3 as indicated in Fig. 3,

vention; and which is colored with the original color of Fig. 7 shows the finished product made that layer.

therefrom.' If desired, the outer layer may be uncol- Fig. 8 shows a further modified sensitive ored, as shown at 5 in Fig. 4 and capable of film. receiving` a color by any desired process af- Fig. 9 shows the product made therefrom. ter the relief image is formed. 100

If desired, the soluble layer may lie between the support and the sensitive layer, in which case the process will be carried out in the same manner as above described until the element is submitted to warm water, at which time the soluble gelatin Will act as a stripping layer and permit the removal of the originally hardened layer 2 together with the relief image 3 formed in the layer which was originally soluble. The act of stripping is indicated in Fig. 5.

This invention is particularly useful in the making of motior. picture films on a double coated film, a section of the sensitive product being shown in Fig. 6 where 10 indicates the transparent support, 9 indicates hardened sensitive layers adherent thereto, 8 indicates a soluble gelatin layer permanently colored red and 7 indicates a soluble gelatin layer permanently colored green. Color component silver images are formed in the tWo layers 9 by printing from opposite directions through the colored layers from appropriate negatives. The sensitivity of the emulsions and the color of the printing lights must, of course, be adjusted in order that prints may be made through these colored outer layers.

The double coated element as a Whole can then be successively submitted to the developing bath, bleaching bath, clearing bath and Warm Water Without any distinction as to the treatment rendered to the two sides.

This results in the product shown in Fig. 7 consisting of a transparent support and the transparent layers 11 and, upon each side thereof, the colored relief images 12 and 14 respectively green and red or any other selected color that may be desired. These con-` stitute registering color component images forming a natural color photograph suitable for projection by transmitted light.

It is obvious that this process is much simpler than any process requiring differential treatment of the two sides such as where they must be separately dyed, toned or the like. It is also obvious that the above described photographic elements and the processes mentioned may constitute parts of photographic processes for other than color purposes. I consider as included Within my invention all such modifications and equivalents as fall within the scope vfof the appended claims.

One such possible modification is the inclusion in the soluble layers of transparent,

colorless leuco compounds capable of being.

transformed into colors when submitted to an appropriate bath. This is specifically described in an application of Merrill W. -Seymour and myself.

Another special example of certain aspects of my invention is indicated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 Awherein a single emulsion layer is used. This includes a support 20 and a single soluble gelatine layer 21 in which are incorporated sensitive salts and permanent dyes, pigments, or colored particles, for instance, of the type shown in the Sheppard Patent 1,290,794. When this is submitted to the described treatment, the gelatine of the single layer is differentially hardened and a relief dye image 22 is directly formed as shown in Fig. 9. Similarly a film havinfr single, difl'erentl colored, soluble, sensitized layers on its sur aces would, when treated in the described manner, produce a film as shown in Fig. l0 comprising a support 20 with differently colored, single layer, relief images 22 and 23 on its opposite surfaces.

This process is, of course, useful for the making of anaglyphs as well as of natural color pictures.

What I claim as new and desire to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States 1. A photographic element comprising a support, a sensitive, hardened, gelatinosilver-halide emulsion layer thereon, and an insensitive, gelatin layer readily soluble in Warm Water on said first emulsion layer.

2. A photographic element comprising a support, a sensitive, hardened, gelatinosilver-halide emulsion layer thereon, and an insensitive. permanently colored gelatin layer readily soluble in warm water above said first emulsion layer.

3. A photographic element comprising a transparent support, a sensitive, hardened, gelatino-silver-halide emulsion layer on each surface thereof and an insensitive gelatin layer readily soluble in warm Water on each of said first layers.

4. A photographic elelnent comprising a transparent support, a sensitive, hardened, gelatino-silver-halide emulsion layer on each surface thereof and an insensitive, permanently colored gelatin layer readily soluble in -warm Water on each of said first layers, the

soluble layers being differently colored.

5. In the process of making a picture, the

.steps that comprise forming a silver photographic image in a sensitive insoluble colloid layer having an unsensitized gelatin layer readily soluble in Warm Water adherent thereto, bleaching the silver image in a bath which will remove the silver and dierentially harden the portions of the adherent layer that are adjacent the image, and then dissolving the solu'ble portions of the adherent layer, the adherence of the soluble layer to the hardened layer being suiicient to prevent its being stripped therefrom.

6. The method of making a colored picture that comprises forming a sllver photographic image in a hardened colloid layer havin an unsensitized, permanently colored, ge atin layer readily soluble in warm water adherent thereto, bleaching the silver ima e in a bath thatwill remove the silver and differentially harden the portions of the colored layer adjacent the image and dissolving oi the soluble portions of the colored layer, the adherence of the soluble layer to the hardened layer being suiiicient to prevent its being stripped therefrom.

7. In a process for making a multicolor picture, steps that comprise making color-component, silver images in two distinct, insoluble, colloid layers each of which has an unsensitized gelatin layer readily soluble in warm water adherent thereto, treating the images in a bath that will remove the silver and differentially harden the soluble gelatin layers and dissolving off the unhardened gelatin, the adherence of the soluble layer to the hardened la er being suiicient to prevent its being stripped therefrom.

8. In the process of making a picture the l steps that comprise forming a silver photographic image in close association with a soluble, permanently colored, gelatin layer, treating the silver image in a bath that will remove the silver and differentially harden the soluble gelatine adjacent the image, and then dissolving the unaffected, soluble portions of the gelatine.

9. In a process for making a multicolor picture, the steps that comprise making colorcom onent, sliver images in two distinct, in-

solu le colloid layers on opposite sides of a common support, each of whlch layers has an unsensitized gelatin layer readily soluble in warm water adherent thereto, the soluble layers being differently colored, treating the images in a bath that removes the silver and differentially tans the soluble colored layers and dissolving off the untanned portions of the colored layers.

10. The method of making a two-color picture that comprises forming color-component, silver images in two insoluble colloid layers on opposite surfaces of a transparent support and having unsensitized gelatin layers readily soluble in warm water adherent thereto, the two soluble layers being dierently and permanently colored, treating the ima es with a bath that removes the silver and di erentially tans the soluble layers, and removing the unhardened gelatin.

Signed at Rochester, New York, this 19th day o February 1930.

JOHN G. CAPSTAFF. 

